[单选题]PartIIReadingComprehension(30分)Directions:Thereare3passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.PassageoneInarecentstudy,neuroscientistsfoundthatplayingfast-pacedvideogamescouldhelpimprovedyslexic(诵读困难的)children’sreadingspeed,andtheimprovementsdidnotfadewithtime.Researcherstestedthereadingabilityoftwogroupsof10-year-olddyslexicchildrenafteronegrouphadplayedactionvideogamesandtheotherplayednon-actionvideogames.Eachgroupwascomposedof10childrenwhoplayed80minutesofvideogamesadayforninedays,equaling12hoursofplayperchild.Theirreadingskillsweremeasuredonanumberoffactors,includinghowfasttheyreadwordsandhowaccuratelytheyreadthem.Resultsshowedthatimprovementsinreadingspeedachievedfromplayingfast-pacedvideogamescouldevenexceedimprovementsgainedfromayear’sintense,traditionaltherapies.Scientistsaimedtoprovethatthere’sacorrelationbetweenadyslexicchild’svisualattentionspanandtheirabilitytoread.Actionvideogamesaredistinguishedfromnon-actionvideogamesbysuchcharacteristicsasgamespeed,ahighsensory-motorload,andpresentationofmultiple,peripheral(外围的)stimuli.Actionvideogameplayersconstantlyreceivebothexternalandinternalfeedbackontheirperformance,producinglearning.Itturnedoutthattheassumptionsofresearcherswerecorrect.Actionvideogameplayersdefeatedtheirnon-actionpeersinimprovements.Onlyactiongamekidsshowedgeneralreadingimprovements,upto40percent,whilenon-actionreadersshowednoimprovement.Theactiongamersalsoimprovedtheirbasictextreadingbyasmuchas60percent,whilenon-actiongamersshowedamoremodest5percent-10percentgain.Thoughmoreresearchisneededtonaildownthespecificrolethatactiongamesplayintheimprovements,theresearchersclaimedtheirdataisthestart.Theybelievetheirfindingsshowthatattentioncanbestudiedandefficientlytrainedduringinfancy.Thiscanpavethewayforlow-resource-demandingearlypreventionprogramsthatcoulddrasticallyreducetheincidentofreadingdisorders.21.Whatdoestherecentstudydiscussedinthepassageshow?
[单选题]PassageoneInarecentstudy,neuroscientistsfoundthatplayingfast-pacedvideogamescouldhelpimprovedyslexic(诵读困难的)children’sreadingspeed,andtheimprovementsdidnotfadewithtime.Researcherstestedthereadingabilityoftwogroupsof10-year-olddyslexicchildrenafteronegrouphadplayedactionvideogamesandtheotherplayednon-actionvideogames.Eachgroupwascomposedof10childrenwhoplayed80minutesofvideogamesadayforninedays,equaling12hoursofplayperchild.Theirreadingskillsweremeasuredonanumberoffactors,includinghowfasttheyreadwordsandhowaccuratelytheyreadthem.Resultsshowedthatimprovementsinreadingspeedachievedfromplayingfast-pacedvideogamescouldevenexceedimprovementsgainedfromayear’sintense,traditionaltherapies.Scientistsaimedtoprovethatthere’sacorrelationbetweenadyslexicchild’svisualattentionspanandtheirabilitytoread.Actionvideogamesaredistinguishedfromnon-actionvideogamesbysuchcharacteristicsasgamespeed,ahighsensory-motorload,andpresentationofmultiple,peripheral(外围的)stimuli.Actionvideogameplayersconstantlyreceivebothexternalandinternalfeedbackontheirperformance,producinglearning.Itturnedoutthattheassumptionsofresearcherswerecorrect.Actionvideogameplayersdefeatedtheirnon-actionpeersinimprovements.Onlyactiongamekidsshowedgeneralreadingimprovements,upto40percent,whilenon-actionreadersshowednoimprovement.Theactiongamersalsoimprovedtheirbasictextreadingbyasmuchas60percent,whilenon-actiongamersshowedamoremodest5percent-10percentgain.Thoughmoreresearchisneededtonaildownthespecificrolethatactiongamesplayintheimprovements,theresearchersclaimedtheirdataisthestart.Theybelievetheirfindingsshowthatattentioncanbestudiedandefficientlytrainedduringinfancy.Thiscanpavethewayforlow-resource-demandingearlypreventionprogramsthatcoulddrasticallyreducetheincidentofreadingdisorders.24.Resultsofthestudyconfirmedscientists’assumptionthat___________.A.Actionvideogamesprovideplayerswithfeedbackthatfacilitatelearning.B.Actionvideogameshavehighergamespeedsthannon-actionvideogames.C.Readingdifficultiesarerelatedtoexcessiveplayingofvideogames.D.Readingdifficultiesarecausedbybothexternalandinternalfactors.
[单选题]PassagetwoThisiswhatIhavenoticedinsportsclub:Ineveryclassatmyclub,everysingleattendeeisfemale.Theyareold,theyareyoung;somearefit,andsomearenot.But,saveforoneoftheinstructors,theyareallwomen.Conversely,justabouteverymanintheclub(includingme)worksoutbyhimself,usuallyonthemachinesorfreeweights.Thisisnotsomethingaccidental.Asitrelatestothesexes,theremustbesomeinsightsintohumanbehavior.Butwhat?Coulditbethatwomenfeelmorecomfortableingroupsthanmen?Ifso,why?Andinwhatwaydomenfeelmorecomfortable?Whydowepreferexercisingalone?Diggingdeeper,Iwonderifthesedistinctivebehaviorsaremarkersforbothgenders.Menhavealwaysidentifiedwiththelonewolf.Lookattheheroesinthemovies.WehavetheMarlboroMan,eventheTerminator.Menfindsomethingtimelessandappealingtothelonelyheroes,always.ClintEastwoodandRamboactedalone.Thedarkerthepersona(角色)themoremenrelate.Theybecomeheroeswhentheysaveothersandsolveseriousproblems–allbythemselves.Necessarily,then,thiswouldhavewomenidentifyingwithgroups,likeTheRealHousewivesof…However,menalsoplayonteams.Wecanrelatetoabandofbrothersandfightonbattlefieldstogether.So,whyisitthatwomenalmostuniversallyworkoutingroupsandmendon’t?Ibelieveithasmoretodowitheachgender’swillingnesstoaskforhelp.Inotherwords,thesamepsychologythatmakessomanymenreluctanttoaskfordirectionsisalsowhatkeepsthemoutofthosegymclasses.Ironically,itisadefectofcharacter,buttheroleofproblemsolveristoodeep-rootedintheirmasculinityforthemtobehaveotherwise.Subconsciouslyconsideringthemselvescapableofsolvingproblemsindividually,menwouldregarditfemininetoaskforhelpfromothers,especiallyatthegym,wheretheirphysicalmanhoodisondisplay.Ingeneral,womendon’thavethisproblem.Theytakecomfortinunityorareatleastmotivatedbythatunity.28.Whatdoestheword“universally”(Para.4)probablymeaninthepassage?A.Necessarily.B.Everywhere.C.Consciously.D.Never.
