[单选题]PartIIReadingComprehension(30分)Directions:Thereare3passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.PassageoneInarecentstudy,neuroscientistsfoundthatplayingfast-pacedvideogamescouldhelpimprovedyslexic(诵读困难的)children’sreadingspeed,andtheimprovementsdidnotfadewithtime.Researcherstestedthereadingabilityoftwogroupsof10-year-olddyslexicchildrenafteronegrouphadplayedactionvideogamesandtheotherplayednon-actionvideogames.Eachgroupwascomposedof10childrenwhoplayed80minutesofvideogamesadayforninedays,equaling12hoursofplayperchild.Theirreadingskillsweremeasuredonanumberoffactors,includinghowfasttheyreadwordsandhowaccuratelytheyreadthem.Resultsshowedthatimprovementsinreadingspeedachievedfromplayingfast-pacedvideogamescouldevenexceedimprovementsgainedfromayear’sintense,traditionaltherapies.Scientistsaimedtoprovethatthere’sacorrelationbetweenadyslexicchild’svisualattentionspanandtheirabilitytoread.Actionvideogamesaredistinguishedfromnon-actionvideogamesbysuchcharacteristicsasgamespeed,ahighsensory-motorload,andpresentationofmultiple,peripheral(外围的)stimuli.Actionvideogameplayersconstantlyreceivebothexternalandinternalfeedbackontheirperformance,producinglearning.Itturnedoutthattheassumptionsofresearcherswerecorrect.Actionvideogameplayersdefeatedtheirnon-actionpeersinimprovements.Onlyactiongamekidsshowedgeneralreadingimprovements,upto40percent,whilenon-actionreadersshowednoimprovement.Theactiongamersalsoimprovedtheirbasictextreadingbyasmuchas60percent,whilenon-actiongamersshowedamoremodest5percent-10percentgain.Thoughmoreresearchisneededtonaildownthespecificrolethatactiongamesplayintheimprovements,theresearchersclaimedtheirdataisthestart.Theybelievetheirfindingsshowthatattentioncanbestudiedandefficientlytrainedduringinfancy.Thiscanpavethewayforlow-resource-demandingearlypreventionprogramsthatcoulddrasticallyreducetheincidentofreadingdisorders.21.Whatdoestherecentstudydiscussedinthepassageshow?
[单选题]PartIIReadingComprehension(2points×10=20points)Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestions.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldwriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.Passage1Whatisyourfavoritecolor?Doyoulikeyellow,orangeorred?Ifyoudo,youmustbeanoptimist，aleader,oranactivepersonwhoenjoyslife,peopleandexcitement.Doyouprefergraysandblues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shyandyouwouldratherfollowaleaderthanlead.Ifyoulovegreen,youarestrong-mindedanddetermined.Youwishtosucceedandwantotherpeopletoseeyouaresuccessful.Atleastthisiswhatpsychologiststellus,andtheyshouldknow,becausetheyhavebeenseriouslystudyingthemeaningofcolorpreference,andtheeffectthatcolorshaveonhumanbeings.Theytellusthatwedon’tchooseourfavoritecoloraswegrowup.Ifyouhappentolovebrown,youdidsoassoonasyouopenedyoureyes,oratleastassoonasyoucouldseeclearly.Ayellowroommakesusfeelmorecheerfulandmorecomfortablethanadarkgreenone,andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday.Ontheotherhand,blackisdepressing.Lightandbrightcolorsmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutalsomoreactive.Itisafactthatfactoryworkersworkbetterharder,andhavefeweraccidentswhentheirmachinesarepaintedorangeratherthanblackordarkgray.Remember,then,thatifyoufeellow,youcanalwaysbrightenyourdayoryourlifewithanewshirtorafewcolorfulthings.Rememberalsothatyouwillknowyourfriendsandyourenemiesbetterwhenyoufindoutwhatcolorstheylikeanddislike.Anddon’tforgetthatanyonecanguessaboutyourcharacterwhenyouchooseapieceofhandkerchieforalampshade.11.Theauthorbelievesinthepassagethat___.
[单选题]PartIIReadingComprehension(2points×10=20points)Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestions.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldwriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.Passage1Whatisyourfavoritecolor?Doyoulikeyellow,orangeorred?Ifyoudo,youmustbeanoptimist，aleader,oranactivepersonwhoenjoyslife,peopleandexcitement.Doyouprefergraysandblues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shyandyouwouldratherfollowaleaderthanlead.Ifyoulovegreen,youarestrong-mindedanddetermined.Youwishtosucceedandwantotherpeopletoseeyouaresuccessful.Atleastthisiswhatpsychologiststellus,andtheyshouldknow,becausetheyhavebeenseriouslystudyingthemeaningofcolorpreference,andtheeffectthatcolorshaveonhumanbeings.Theytellusthatwedon’tchooseourfavoritecoloraswegrowup.Ifyouhappentolovebrown,youdidsoassoonasyouopenedyoureyes,oratleastassoonasyoucouldseeclearly.Ayellowroommakesusfeelmorecheerfulandmorecomfortablethanadarkgreenone,andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday.Ontheotherhand,blackisdepressing.Lightandbrightcolorsmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutalsomoreactive.Itisafactthatfactoryworkersworkbetterharder,andhavefeweraccidentswhentheirmachinesarepaintedorangeratherthanblackordarkgray.Remember,then,thatifyoufeellow,youcanalwaysbrightenyourdayoryourlifewithanewshirtorafewcolorfulthings.Rememberalsothatyouwillknowyourfriendsandyourenemiesbetterwhenyoufindoutwhatcolorstheylikeanddislike.Anddon’tforgetthatanyonecanguessaboutyourcharacterwhenyouchooseapieceofhandkerchieforalampshade.Theauthorbelievesinthepassagethat___.
[单选题]PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)Directions:Thereare4passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet.PassageOneQuestions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Textbooksrepresentan11billiondollarindustry,upfrom$8billionin2014.TextbookpublisherPearsonisthelargestpublisher—ofanykind—intheworld.Itcostsabout$1milliontocreateanewtextbook.Afreshmantextbookwillhavedozensofcontributors,fromsubject-matterexpertsthroughgraphicandlayoutartiststoexpertreviewersandclassroomtesters.Textbookpublishersconnectprofessors,instructorsandstudentsinwaysthatalternatives,suchasOpenE-TextbooksandOpenEducationalResources,simplydonot.Thisconnectionhappensnotonlybymeansofcollaborativedevelopment,reviewandtesting,butalsoatconferenceswherefacultyregularlydecideontheirtextbooksandcurriculaforthecomingyear.Itistruethattextbookpublishershaverecentlyreportedlosses,largelyduetostudentsrentingorbuyingusedprinttextbooks.Butthiscanbechalkeduptotheexorbitantcostoftheirbooks—whichhasincreasedover1,000percentsince1977.Areshufflingofthetextbookindustrymaywellbeinorder.Butthisdoesnotmeantheendofthetextbookitself.WhiletheymaynotbeasdynamicasaniPad,textbooksarenotpassiveorlifeless.Forexample,overthecenturies,theyhavesimulateddialogueinanumberofways.From1800tothepresentday,textbookshavedonethisbyposingquestionsforstudentstoanswerinductively.Thatmeansstudentsareaskedtousetheirindividualexperiencetocomeupwithanswerstogeneralquestions.Today’spsychologytexts,forexample,ask:“Howmuchofyourpersonalitydoyouthinkyouinherited?”whileonesinphysicssay:“Howcanyoupredictwheretheballyoutossedwillland?”Expertsobservethat“textbookscomeinlayers,somethinglikeanonion.”Fortheactivelearner,engagingwithatextbookcanbeaninteractiveexperience:Readersproceedattheirownpace.They“customize”theirbooksbyengagingwithdifferentlayersandlinkages.Highlighting,Post-Itnotes,dog-earsandothertechniquesallowforfurthercustomizationthatstudentsvalueinprintbooksoverdigitalformsofbooks.46.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutopeneducationalresources?
