[单选题]Forhundredsofyears,thecriminallaw(刑法)hasbeenbuiltaroundtheideathatwrongdoersmustbepunishedfortheircrimes.Themostbasicargumentforpunishmentisthatitpreserveslawandorderandrespectsforauthority.Fromthispointofview，punishmentdoestwothings.Itupholdsthelaw，anditpreventsothersfromthinkingtheycangetawaywithdoingthesamethingwithoutpunishment.Punishmentisbasedontheideathatmanypeoplehaveabarelycontrolleddesiretoactinforbiddenways.Oneofthebestwaystoreducecrimeistoreformorrehabilitate(改造)habitualcriminals.Themainproblemisnotthefirstoffenderorthepettythiefbuttherepeatedoffenderwhocommitsincreasinglyseriouscrimes.Accordingtocriminologists，crimewoulddecreasegreatlyifallsuchoffenderscouldbeturnedawayfromwrongdoing.ButU.S.prisonshavehadlittlesuccessinrehabilitatinginmates.Abouttwo-thirdsofthepeoplearrestedinanyyearhaveapreviouscriminalrecord.Rehabilitation(改造)ofcriminalscouldprobablybeimprovedgreatlyifexpertscouldprovidetherightkindofprogramfordifferenttypesofoffenders.Criminalsvarywidelyinthekindsofcrimestheycommit，theiremotionalproblems，andtheirsocialandeconomicbackgrounds.Notalloffenderscanbehelpedbythesametreatment.Manyrequiretheaidofphysicians,psychiatrists,orpsychologists.Othersrespondwelltoeducationalorvocationaltraining.Intheearly1990s,therewereabout1,300,000criminalsinU.S.city,county,state,andfederalcorrectionalinstitutions，andabout500,000morewereoutonparole.Societyspentmorethan$15billiontooperateprisonsandrelatedinstitutionsyearly,butonlyasmallpartofthissumwenttoprovidetreatment.Nearlyallthefundswereusedtofeedandclotheprisonersandtokeepthemundercontrol.Sincethe1ate1970s,however,therehasbeenatrendtowardpunishmentratherthanrehabilitationofoffenders.Prisonsentences(徒刑)arelonger.CapitalpunishmentshavebeenusedmorefrequentlysincetheU.S.SupremeCourtliftedadeathpenaltybanin1976.Nevertheless,crimepreventionshouldaimtopreventpeoplefrombecomingcriminalsinthefirstplace.Suchagoalprobablywouldbenefitfromreformprogramsinurbanslums.Theseprogramswouldincludeimprovedhousing,schools,andrecreationprogramsandincreasedjobopportunities.Therearemanyotherwaystoreducecrime.Peoplecanbeeducatedorpersuadedtotakegreaterprecautionsagainstcrime.Theycanbetaught,forexample,howtoprotecttheirhomesfromburglary.Automobiletheftswoulddropsharplyifdriversremovedtheirkeysandlockedtheircarswhenleavingthem.Betterlightinghelpsdiscouragepurse-snatchingsandotherrobberiesoncitystreetsandinparks.Manyexpertsbelievethatstrictgun-licensinglawswouldgreatlyreducecrime.15.Theauthorconcludesthepassagebypointingoutthat____.
[单选题]Life’sallaboutmakingconnectionsReadthearticlebelowaboutsomenewnetworkinggroupsspecificallyforbusinesswomen.ChoosethebestwordA,BorCtofillthegaps1-10.Toyou,networkingmightmean(1)____aconferenceortradefaireventtomeetnewclientsorpartners.Oritcouldbethecoffeebreakatworkwhereyoushare(2)_____withcolleaguesinotherdepartments.Butnowadaysnetworkinghasbecomeaneventinitself.Forexample,PricewaterhouseCoopersofferitsfemalestaffaformalnetworking(3)_____calledPwCwomen.With900members,itorganizeseventsrangingfrominformaldrinkseveningstocoachingevents.TinaHallet,whois(4)_______forthegroup,saysthatshegotinvolved(5)________networkingBecause‘I’dgottoareasonablyseniorlevelandIwantedtohelpotherpeopletomaximizetheirpotential.’Youdon’thavetobeseniorto(6)_____anetworkthough.VickyWoodandSallyHopkinshadtheideafortheCityGirlsNetworkwhentheyfirstmovedintoLondon’scorporateworldandwonderedhowtogetto(7)______otherwomen.‘Wecouldn’tfindanythingforpeoplewithnoexperience.Sowethoughtwe’dstartourown.’Fromtwelvefriendsmeetingregularly,itrapidlygrewto250membersfrommanydifferentorganizations.It’sagreatwayto(8)_____usefulcontactsandbringinpotentialbusiness.FionaClutterbuckisco-chairofanetworkforthebankABNAMRO.‘Womentendtothinkofnetworkingas(9)_______andgiveitlowpriority.’butgiventhechance,womenwillnetwork–asthebank’slast‘speednetworking’eventdemonstrated.‘Withover100womenandmen,itwasagreat(10)_____.Itisamazinghowmanypeopleyougettomeetfromdifferentpartsoftheorganization.’TinaHallet,whois(4)_______forthegroup,
