[单选题]Therearetwomeninimportantpositionsinmyoffice---Mr.ThompsonandMr.White.EveryoneenjoysworkingwithMr.Thompson,butnoonelikesMr.White.Mr.Thompsonisalwaysthoughtfulandconsiderate.Whenhewantssomethingdone,he’llask,”Wouldyoumindgettingthisinformationforme,please?”Mr.Whiteisjusttheopposite.Heusuallyshoutsacrosstheroom,“Getmethismemorandum,andhurryup.”Mr.Whitesurprisedusthismorning.Though..Atfirstwethoughthemustbesick.Hewaskindandagreeable.“MissErickson.”Heasked,“ifitisn’ttoomuchtroubleforyou,couldyoupleasemakethesetelephonecallsforme?”JuneEricksonwasastonished.Rightafterthat,Mr.Whitesaid,“MissReed,wouldyoubesokindastoopenthewindow?It’squitwarminhere.”Thenhetalkedtome.“I’dappreciateitverymuchifyou’dmailtheselettersforme.”Wecouldn’timaginewhyhewasbehavingsostrangely.Shouldweofferhimaspirins?OrhadMr.Whitechangedhispersonality?Thesituationwassoonclearedup.“Ladies,”Mr.Thompsonsaid,“I’vebeentoldthatthepresidentofthecompanywillbeheresoon.He’sveryinterestedinthewelfareofhisemployeesandwillhavesomequestionstoaskyouaboutyourworkingconditionshere.”26.WhatkindofpositionsdoMr.ThompsonandMr.Whitehave?
[单选题]PassageOneTheParisclimateagreementfinalisedinDecemberlastyearheraldedaneweraforclimateaction.Forthefirsttime,theworld'snationsagreedtokeepglobalwarmingwellbelow2℃.Thisisvitalforclimate-vulnerablenations.Fewerthan4%ofcountriesareresponsibleformorethanhalfoftheworld'sgreenhousegasemissions.InastudypublishedinNatureScientificReports,werevealjusthowdeepthisinjusticeruns.DevelopednationssuchasAustralia,theUnitedStates,Canada,andEuropeancountriesareessentiallyclimate"free-riders":causingthemajorityoftheproblemsthroughhighgreenhousegasemissions,whileincurringfewofthecostssuchasclimatechange'simpactonfoodandwater.Inotherwords,afewcountriesarebenefitingenormouslyfromtheconsumptionoffossilfuels,whileatthesametimecontributingdisproportionatelytotheglobalburdenofclimatechange.Ontheflipside,therearemany"forcedriders",whoaresufferingfromtheclimatechangeimpactsdespitehavingscarcelycontributedtotheproblem.Manyoftheworld'smostclimatevulnerablecountries,themajorityofwhichareAfricanorsmallislandstates,produceaverysmallquantityofemissions.Thisismuchlikeanon-smokergettingcancerfromsecond-handsmoke,whiletheheavysmokerisfortunateenoughtosmokeingoodhealth.TheParisagreementhasbeenwidelyhailedasapositivestepforwardinaddressingclimatechangeforall,althoughthedetailsonaddressing"climatejustice"canbebestdescribedassketchy.Thegoalofkeepingglobaltemperaturerise"wellbelow"2~Ciscommendablebuttheemissions-reductionpledgessubmittedbycountriesleadinguptotheParistalksareveryunlikelytodeliveronthis.Morethan$100billioninfundinghasbeenputonthetableforsupportingdevelopingnationstoreduceemissions.However,theagreementspecifiesthatthereisnoformaldistinctionbetweendevelopedanddevelopingnationsintheirresponsibilitytocutemissions,effectivelyignoringhistoricalemissions.Thereisalsoverylittledetailonwhowillprovidethefundsor,importantly,whoisresponsiblefortheirprovision.Securingthesefunds,andestablishingwhoisresponsibleforraisingthemwillalsobevitalforthefutureofclimate-vulnerablecountries.Themostclimate-vulnerablecountriesintheworldhavecontributedverylittletocreatingtheglobaldiseasefromwhichtheynowsufferthemost.Theremusturgentlybeameaningfulmobilisationofthepoliciesoutlinedintheagreementifwearetoachievenationalemissionsreductionswhilehelpingthemostvulnerablecountriesadapttoclimatechange.Anditisclearlyuptothecurrentgenerationofleadersfromhigh-emittingnationstodecidewhethertheywanttoberememberedasclimatechangetyrantsorpioneers.26.TheauthoriscriticaloftheParisclimateagreementbecause
