ConfuciussaidinWuyijie,Confucius’sFamilyTalks,“ifthemanagercouldconcernsadness,worries,toil,fear,dangerandalsoconcernthemediocre,thescholars,thegentlemenandthevirtuous,thenhewouldmanagehispoliticalaffairswell.孔子在《孔子家语五仪解》中认为管理者能思哀、思忧、思劳、思惧、思危,又少留意于庸人、士人、君子、贤人,圣人五仪之事,则于政治何有失矣()